Inula macrophylla

Plant Name    Inula  macrophylla

Botanical Info     Inula  macrophylla Kar. et Kir. ( I. grandis Schrenk, Codonocephalum grande (Schrenk) B. Fedtsch.) — Inula  macrophylla. A perennial plant, 35-200 cm heigh

Geography  Central Asia: Syr-darya, Pamir-Alai (Kugitang), Tien Shan. Jungar-Tarbagatay regions. Inhabits and grows in steppes, on slopes, gorge(ravines), on stony screes. It is a weed in wheat crops. The plant reaches the middle- and upper mountain areas of elevation.

Chemical Content     Carbohydrates and their derivatives: monosaccharides, inulin, fructosans. Sesquiterpenoids: alantolakton, izoalantolakton, Grandin, granilin 0.04% igalan, igalin, ivalin (grandulin) carabron (grandisin) Alkaloids.  Vitamins: С. Tanning agents . Underground part: Carbohydrates and related compounds. (in  %) 2—32; inulin  0.13—40, monosaccharides — 0.21 — 1.28, fructosans 0.3—9. essential [volatile] oil  0.01—4.1 % . Sesquiterpenoids: 4.67% igalan, igalin, igalol, grandin. Alkaloids 0.063—0.75 % . Phenolcarbonate acids: cinnamic acid . Tanning agents 3.77—5.02 % . Higher fatty acids: myristinic, palmitic acid. Stems(canes). Carbohydrates and related compounds  (in %): monosaccharides 3.11, saccharose 1.95, maltose 1.02 . Sesquiterpenoids: 0.83% . Vitamins: С . Tanning agents . Lipids 2.26 % . Leaves. carbohydrates 6—9 %

Inulin . Organic acids: fumaric acid  0.2%, acetic acid. Essential [volatile] oil.  0.27 % . Sesquiterpenoids : alantolakton,) carabron 0.6 %, grandulin(ivalin), granilin . Steroids: p-sitosterol. Alkaloids 0.09 %   Polyacetylenic compounds. . Tanning agents 2.21—9.3 %. Flavonoids : 5,6,4′- trihydroxy-3,7-dimetoxiflavone . Flowers: Organic acids: fumaric, butyric, propionic, acetic acid. Carbohydrates and related compounds. 6—10 % : Inulin . Essential [volatile] oil 0.12 %. Sesquiterpenoids:  0.28 %  . Tanning agents  1.77 % . Chromones . flavonoids . Seeds. 9.2-11.6% fatty oil, in its composition acids: linoleic, oleic, stearic, palmitic, myristinic, palmitoleic, lauric, caprylic, pelargonic acids.

Traditional Use and Activity    The rhizomes, roots decoction is used in the treatment of brucellosis, pulmonary tuberculosis of lungs, gastrointestinal tract diseases, especially in gastric ulcer, hepatocholecystitis, women’s diseases, rheumatism, tumors, skin diseases, scabies. It is anthelmintic agent. Positive results were observed in clinical trials when using this decoction to treat gastric and duodenal ulcers, gastritis, duodenitis, and periduodenitis. Chronic constipations were elevated in two cases. Significant improvements were observed in gastric cancer. Sesquiterpenoids have therapeutic aseptic effect in burns. The plants exhibits apparent antiexudative and anti- proliferative activity. In experiments, the aqueous solution decreases blood sugar by 13 % . It has antibacterial properties as Sesquiterpenoids act as a fungicidal agent. It is used as the  source of the inulin, D-fructose, sesquiterpenoids. It is used for the industrial production of inulin and D-fructose. In veterinary medicine it treats cough, constipations, and scabies. Essential [volatile] oil is used to treat ascariasis in pigs and trichostrongyloidiasis in small cattle. Essential [volatile] oil is slightly toxic according to known experiments.